Brick-kiln



(No Model.) 3 Sheetsr-Sheet 1'. P. L. YOUNGREN.

BRICK KILN.

No. 492,251. Patented Feb. 21, 1893.

a sneets neziz. P.L.YOUNGREN.

BRICK KI-LN. No. 492,251. Patented Feb. 21, 1893;

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet' 3. PL. YOUNG-BEN.

BRIGK KILN.

(No Model.)

No. 492,251. Patented Feb. 21, 1893.

lf/Ill? a UNITED STATES ATENT ()FFTQE.

PETER L. YOUNGREN, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 492,251, dated February 21, 1893. Application filed May 16, 1892 Serial No. 433,213. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PETER L. YOUNGREN, a citizen of Sweden, residing at Oakland, Alameda county, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Brick-Kilns; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to that class of kilns for burning bricks and other wares, in which suitable damper controlled passages and fines are provided to effect the course of the fire and draft in either direction, and its ready reversal.

My invention consists in the novel arrangement and combinations of passages and flues hereinafter fully described and specifically pointed out in the claims.

The objects of my invention are to provide for the reversal of the fire and draft in a simple and effective manner, and to admit hot air into the kiln chamber in such relation to the burning gases as to promote and complete combustion.

Referring to the accompanying drawings fora more complete explanation of my invention,-Figure 1' is a vertical cross section on the line 0c-;z: of Fig. l. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line y-y of Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 6. Fig.3 is a longitudinal vertical section on the line zz of Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 6. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line oo of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line w-w of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line u-u of Fig. 1.

A represents the walls of the kiln, inclosing the chamber B in which the bricks are to be burned.

C O are furnaces on each side of the kiln. In the throat of each furnace are made a flue D and a line E side by side. These are alternately controlled by a sliding fireproof slab or damper F which lies upon their entrances,

- and is sufficient to cover but one of them at a time. It is operated by a poker by which it can be pushed from one side to the other to open either fiue and close the other.

The flue D extends downwardly and thence horizontally inwardly and communicates with the vertical pocket G on the inner walls of the kiln, said pocket opening into the chamber near its upper portion. Theflue Eex tends downwardly to a plane lower thanthat to which flue D extends. It then joins short horizontal diverging fines E which extend inwardly and each of these fines E joins a separate horizontal flue E all of which extend parallel under and across the en tire width of the fioor of the kiln chamber. IITlDhIS floor are made the openings b whereby fines E communicate with chamber 13.

In each side of the lower portion of the kiln is made a horizontal draft passage H, which extends throughout the length of the kiln walls. These passages, at one end communicate with the stacks S, said communication being controlled by a damper 8. Each passageI-I has opening out from it at intervals short passages H, which open upwardly into horizontal passages H which extend transversely across the entire width of the floor of v the kiln chamber, in the same plane and alternating with the flnes E heretofore described. These passages H communicate with the kiln chamber through the openings 19 in its floor.

In the side walls of the kiln, near their upper portions, are formed the horizontal draft passages I, which extend throughout the length of the kiln and communicate at one end with the stacks S, said communication being controlled by damper 8'. These passages open into the upper portion of pockets G through short passages 11, and they also extend along the end walls of the kiln and open into the ends of the kiln chamber through short passages z".

In the kiln, in each of its side walls and extending throughout their length, is a hot air passage J. These have communication with the outer air through passages K formed in the top walls of the furnaces 0. They also communicate with draft passages H by a vertical passage L controlled by a damper Z, and with the draft passages I by a vertical passage M controlled by a damper m.

The operation of my kiln is as followsz-The dampers F in all the furnaces are moved over to close the fines E and to open the flues D. The communication of draft passages I with the stack is closed, and their communication with the hot air passages J is opened. The

communication of draft passages H with the stack is opened, and their communication withthe hot air passages is closed. The

burning gases now pass through flues D, and

pockets G into the upper portion of the kiln chamber. They are here mixed with fresh.

hot air drawn in through air passages K, J and M, draft passages I and short passages iand 1'. They then pass down through the material to be burned and through openings 1) in the chamber floor into the horizontal passages Il beneath the floor, and out through passages H and draft passages II to the stack. To reverse this course, the dampers F are moved over to open flues E and close flues D. The communication of draft fiues I with the stack is opened, and their communication with the hot air passages J is closed. The communication of draft passages H with the stack is closed and their communication with the hot air passages J is opened; The burning gases ,now'pass through flues E, divergent fines E and horizontal flues E up through openingsb intot-he lower portion-of the kiln chamber.

Upon entering the chamber they are mixed with fresh hot airentering through openings 1) and drawn in through air passages K, J and L, draft passages H,II, and horizontal passages 11 between the tines They then pass upwardly through the material, and find escape through short passages 2' and t" and draft passages I to'the stack. In this operationit will be seen that auniform burning of the material is effected by letting the heat pass from the top down throughthe material until it's upper'portion is nea'rly'burned, and then reversing the course and letting the heat and yet imperfectly consumed gases, and the fresh hot air ascend through the material fromthe alternately located hotair and heat passages and fi'ues H and" E thus effecting the final combustion in the'heart of the kiln chamber. I

The'alternatinglocation of the fines E and passages II is of especial advantage in intro ducing together and thoroughly mingling the burning gases and fresh hot air to provideperfect combustion when and where most needed.

The draft passages H and I serve two purposes, namely, to introduce fresh hot air and to withdraw the products of combustion.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent,-is'

1. In a brick kiln having openings in its v chamber floor, the series of alternating heat flu'es E and hot air passages H extending under and communicating with said openings, substantially as herein described.

2. In a brick kiln having openings in its chamber floor and side'furnaces, the heat fl'ues E in the throat of said furnaces, the divergent flues E with which flues E communicate and the seriesof horizontal parallel flues E communicating with said flues E and passing under thechamber floor and communicating with its openings, substantially as herein described.

3. In a brick kiln having openings in its chamber'fioor and side furnaces, the heat fi'ues E in the throat of said furnaces, the divergent flues E with which flues E communicate and the series of horizontal parallel flues E communicating with said fiues E and passing under the chamber floor and communicating with its openings, in combination with the series of horizontal parallel hot air passages H alternating with flues E and communicating with the openings in the chamber floor, substantially as herein described.

4. In a brick kiln having openings in its chamber floor and side furnaces, the heat flues E in the throat of said furnaces, the divergent ,flues E with which flues E communicate and the series of horizontal parallel lines E communicating with said fiues E and passing under the chamber floor and communicating with its openings, incombin'ationwiththesel riesof horizontal parallel hot'air passages I-I alternating-with fiues E and'communic'ating with the openings in the chamber'fioor, the passages H communicating with said'passages H and the draft passages Hcommunicating' with the passages H and having a damper controlled communication'with the stack, substantially as herein described.

5. In a brick kiln having openings in its chamber floor and side furnaces, the heat fiues E in the throat of said furnaces, the divergent flues E with which fines E communicate, and the series of horizontal parallel fines E comm'unicating with said flues E" and passing under the chamber floor and communicating with its openings,-in combinationwiththe series of horizontal parallel hot air passages fl alternating with fluesE and communicating" with the openings in" the chamber floor,tl1e passages H communicating withsaid passages 11*, and the draft passages I-I communicating with the passages H, and having a damper controlled communication with the stack, the passages K in the furnacewalls opening to the exterior-air, the hot air passages J with which the passages K communicate, and the damper controlled passage L connecting passages J and II, substantially as herein described.

6. In a brick kiln having side'furna'ces'and" a chamber with inleading furnaceflues and outleading draft passages, the hot air passages K in the-furnace walls opening to the exterior air, the hot air passages J comm-unicating therewith, and damper controlled passages connecting passages J with the draft passages of the kiln chamber, substantially as herein described. 7 v' 7. In a brick kiln having a chamber with openings in its floor and side furnaces,-the combination of theseparate flues D and E in the furnace throats, and dampers to control them separately, the'i'nterior pockets G with which fines D communicate, said pockets" onterin'g the upper portion of the'kil'n' chamber, the series of flu-es E under the chamber'floor and communicating with its openings, said fines communicating with the fiues E- of the furnaces, the series of passages 11 alternat- IIO openings in the chamber floor, the draft passages H communicating with the stack and with the series of passages H and the draft passages I communicating with the stack and with the pockets G, substantially as herein openings in the chamber floor, the draft passages H communicating with the stack and with the series of passages H and the draft passages I communicating with the stack and with the pockets G, the hot air passages K in the furnace Walls opening into the exterior air, the hot air passages J with which they communicate, and the damper controlled passages L and M separately connecting the passages J with the draft passages H and I respectively, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 30 hand.

PETER L. YOUNGREN.

. Witn esses:

S. H. N OURSE, J. A. BAYLESS. 

